Ḥalqa, musicisti e danzatori a Marrakesh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2039-2281/16723Abstract
Questo articolo si occupa dei danzatori in abiti femminili che si esibiscono con dei gruppi musicali nella piazza Jāmaʿ l-Fnāʾ, a Marrakesh (Marocco), nominata dall’UNESCO Patrimonio Immateriale dell’Umanità nel 2001. Pur presenti in questo spazio da lungo tempo, i gruppi di musicisti e i danzatori hanno avuto una scarsa attenzione nella letteratura relativa agli spettacoli di strada. L’articolo è diviso in due parti. In primo luogo, esplora la ḥalqa, che è il principale spazio di esibizione dei danzatori in abiti femminili e dei musicisti. La ḥalqaè un incontro pubblico che prende la forma di un cerchio che circonda gli artisti. In secondo luogo, l’articolo esamina i due principali gruppi musicali che collaborano con i danzatori e indaga le loro pratiche musicali, danze e brevi scene comiche con altri personaggi in costume.
Riferimenti bibliografici
ABU-LUGHOD, LILA
1986 Veiled Sentiments: Honor and Poetry in a Bedouin Society, Berkeley, University of California Press.
AMINE, KHALID
2001 Crossing Borders: Al-halqa Performance in Morocco from the Open Space to the Theatre Building, in «The Drama Review», n. 45 (2), pp. 55-69.
AMINE, K. – CARLSON, M.
2008 Al-halqa in Arabic Theatre: An Emerging Site of Hybridity, in «Theatre Journal», 60 (1), pp. 71-85.
2012 The Theatres of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. Performance Traditions of the Maghreb, New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
AYDOUN, AHMED
2001 Musiques du Maroc, Casablanca, EDDIF.
BARGACH, JAMILA
1999 Liberatory, Nationalizing and Moralizing by Ellipsis: Reading and Listening to Lhussein Slaoui’s Song Lmirikan, in «The Journal of North African Studies», n. 4 (4), pp. 61-88.
BASSETT, HENRY
1920 Essai sur la littérature des Berbères, Alger, Jules Carbonel.
BEARDSLEE, THOMAS
2014 Questioning Safeguarding: Heritage and Capabilities at the Jemaa el Fnaa, Dissertation, The Ohio State University.
2015 Whom does Heritage Empower, and Whom Does it Silence? Intangible Heritage at the Jemaa el Fnaa, Marrakech, in «International Journal of Heritage Studies», 22 (2), pp. 89-101.
BERRECHID, ABDELKRIM
1999 Morocco, in Rubin D. (a cura di), The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre, vol. IV (The Arab World), London, Routtledge, pp. 168-179.
BERRECHID, A. – BENDAOUD N.
2008 Le théâthre cérémoniel (al Ihtifaliyya), in in «Horizons Maghrébins», 58, pp. 75-81.
BORGHI, RACHELE
2004 Riflessioni sul senso del luogo: il caso della Piazza Jamaa al Fna di Marrakech, in «Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana», n. 3, pp. 745-764.
BORGHI R., MINCA C.
2003 Le lieu, la place, l’imaginaire: discours colonial et littérature dans la description de Djemáa el-Fna, Marrakech, in «Expressions maghrébines», 2 (1), pp. 155-173.
BOX, LAURA C.
2005 Strategies of Resistance in the Dramatic Texts of North African Women, London, Routledge. 2006 Outrageous behavior: women’s public performance in North Africa, in «Meridians», 6 (2), pp. 78-92.
2008 North Africa’s performing women: notes from the field, in «Al-Raida Journal», 1, pp. 8-16.
BRUNI, SILVIA
2020 “O tu che viaggi e lì ritorni”. Pratiche rituali e tradizioni musicali femminili a Meknes, Udine, Nota.
CANETTI, ELIAS
1983 Le voci di Marrakech, Milano, Adelphi (ed. or. Die Stimmen von Marrakesch. Aufzeichnungen nach einer Reise, 1968).
CÉLARIÉ, HENRIETTE
1923 Un mois au Maroc, Parigi, Hachette.
CHEBCHOUB, FATIMA
1995 The female artist in Morocco: with references to actresses, in «Australasian Drama Studies», 27, pp. 27: 53–62.
CHEVRILLON, ANDRÉ
1919 Marrakech dans les palmes, Parigi, Calman-Lévi.
CHOTTIN, ALEXIS
1938 Tableau de la musique marocaine, Paris, Geuthner.
CITRON, LISA
2004 Continuity and Change: Anthropological Perspectives on the Informal Economy in Marrakech, Morocco, PhD diss., Columbia University.
CLÉMENT, JEAN-FRANÇOIS
2008 Tayeb Saddiki et l’essence du théâtre, in «Horizons Maghrébins», 58, pp. 65-74.
CRAPANZANO, VINCENT
1973 The Ḥamadsha. A study in Moroccan Ethnopsychiatry, Berkeley, University of California Press.
DAVIS, CORALYNN
2014 Maithil Women’s Tales: Storytelling on the Nepal-India Border, Urbana, University of Illinois Press.
DE ANTIQUIS, LORENZO
1980 Il Treppo, in «Il Cantastorie. Rivista di tradizioni popolari», 30 (50), pp. 3-6.
DEVERDUN, GASTON
1959 Marrakech: Des Origines à 1912, Rabat, Éditions Techniques Nord-Africaines.
DOUTTÉ, EDMOND
1909 Magie et religion. Alger, Adolphe Jourdan.
EL HADAD, HORIA
2015 Filmmakers’s Review (reperibile al sito: https://www.aljazeera.com/program/witness/2015/1/31/a-marrakech-tale).
EL KHATIR, ABOULKACHEM
2009/2010 Des chanteuses et des danseuses amazighes: vecteurs de culture en milieu urbain, in «Awal, Cahiers d’études berbères», 40-41, pp. 9-22.
FEUILLEBOIS-PIERUNEK, EVE
2011 Le théâtre dans le monde arabe (reperibile al sito: https://hal.science/hal-00652080).
FUSON, TIMOTHY
2001 Slaoui, Houcine, in Grove Music Online, Oxford, Oxford University Press (reperibile al sito: https://www-oxfordmusiconline-com.ezproxy.unibo.it/grovemusic/).
GALAND-PERNET, PAULETTE
1972 Recueil de poèmes chleuhs, I: Chants de trouveurs, Paris, Éditions Klincksieck.
GOYTISOLO, JUAN
1981 Makbara, New York, Seaver Books.
2003 Cinema Eden: Essays from the Muslim Mediterranean, London, Eland Press.
GRAME, THEODORE
1970 Music in the Jma Al-Fna of Marrakesh, in «The Musical Quarterly», 56 (1), pp. 74-87.
HAMILTON, R. – BARNABY, R.
2011 The Last Storytellers: Tales from the Heart of Morocco, London, I. B. Tauris.
HANAI, ABDELLAH
1989 Les Mecanismes de la Marginalisation Socio-Culturelle. Place Djemaa El Fna (Marrakech: Vision et Repere, thèse de doctorat, université René Descartes-Paris V-Sorbonne.
HANNOUM, ABDELMAJID
1999-2000 The Storyteller, in «Mediterraneans/Méditerranéennes», 11 (42), pp. 189-193.
KAPCHAN, DEBORAH
1994 Moroccan Female Performers Defining the Social Body, in «The Journal of American Folklore», 107 (423), pp. 82-105.
1995 Performance, in «Journal of American Folklore», 108 (430), pp. 479-508.
1996 Gender on the market: Moroccan women and the revoicing of tradition, Philadelphia, University of Philadelphia Press.
2001 Gender on the Market in Moroccan Women’s Verbal Art: Performative Spheres of Feminine Authority, in Seligmann L. (a cura di), Women traders in cross-cultural perspective, Stanford, Stanford University Press, pp. 161-184
KARL, BRIAN
2012 Technology in Modern Moroccan Musical Practices, in «International Journal of Middle East Studies», 44 (4), pp. 790-93.
LADENBURGER, THOMAS
2010 Al-Halqa: In the Storytellers Circle (film. 87 min. Germania).
LEYDI, ROBERTO
1959 Cantastorie, in Leydi R. (a cura di), La Piazza. Spettacoli popolari italiani, Milano, Gallo Grande, pp. 275-389.
MARMOL CARVAJAL, LUIS DE
1667 L’Afrique de Marmol, t. II, Paris, Thomas Iolly (ed. or. Primera parte de la descripción general de África, 1573).
MCKEWEN, RICHARD
2000 Morocco, in Haggerty G. (a cura di), Gay histories and cultures: an encyclopedia, New York, Garland, pp. 611-612.
MINCA, CLAUDIO
2006 Re-inventing the “Square”: Postcolonial Geographies and Tourist Narratives in Jamaa el Fna, Marrakech, in Minca C., Oakes T. (a cura di), Travels in Paradox: Remapping Tourism, Lanham, Rowan & Littlefield Publishers, pp. 155-184.
MOULINE, SAID
2003 Jama’ al Fna entre art et bazar, in Jama’ al Fna entre art et bazar. Actes des journées d’étude, 13 et 14 juin 2003, Collection Dialogues sur la ville, pp. 10-19.
OUZRI, ABDELWAHED
1997 Le théâtre au Maroc: structures et tendances, Casablanca, Editions Toubkal.
PIANTA, BRUNO
1985 Vendere le parole. Marginali e mondo ambulante nella cultura popolare, in Della Peruta F., Leydi R., Stella A. (a cura di), Milano e il suo territorio, Milano, Silvana, pp. 7-31.
RAHMOUNI, AICHA
2015 Storytelling in Chefchaouen Northern Morocco: An Annotated Study of Oral Performance with Transliterations and Translations, Leiden, Brill.
RAMUSIO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA
1588 Delle navigationi et viaggi, vol. I, Venezia, De Givnti.
RASMUSSEN, ANNE
2010 Women, the Recited Qur’an, and Islamic Music in Indonesia, Berkeley, University of California Press.
SALHI, KAMAL
2003 Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, in Banham M. (a cura di), A History of Theatre in Africa. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp.37-76.
SCHMITT, THOMAS
2005 Jemaa El Fna Square in Marrakech: Changes to a Social Space and to a UNESCO Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity as a Result of Global Influences, in «The Arab Geographer», 8 (4), pp. 173-195.
SCHUYLER, PHILIP
1979 A repertory of ideas: The music of the western “rwais”, Berber professional musicians from southwestern Morocco, PhD diss., Seattle, University of Washington.
1984 Berber Professional Musicians in Performance, in Béhague G. (a cura di), Performance Practice: Ethnomusicological Perspectives, Westport, Greenwood Press, pp. 91-148.
1993 Music in the Marketplace, in Bowen D. (a cura di) Life in the Muslim Middle East, Bloomington, Indiana University Press, pp. 276-280.
SEHLAOUI, ABDELILAH
2009 Moroccan Professional Public Storytellers: An Endangered Species, in «Storytelling, Self, Society», 5 (3), pp. 193-217.
SIMONS, MARLISE
2006 Marrakech Journal. Keeping a Moroccan Tradition Alive, One Tale at a Time, in The New York Times, 27 febbraio.
SKOUNTI, A. – TEBBAA O. – NADIM, H.
2005 La Place Jemaa El Fna: Patrimoine Culturel Immateriel de Marrakech, Du Maroc, et de l’Humanité, Rabat, UNESCO.
SLYOMOVICS, SUSAN
1987 The Merchant of Art: An Egyptian Hilali Oral Epic Poet in Performance, Berkeley, University of California Press.
SOUM-POULAYET, FANNY
2007 Le corps, la voix, le voile. Cheikhat marocaines, Paris, CNRS éditions.
SPURLES, PATRICIA
2006 “This is Different, this is the Plaza”: Space, Gender, and Tactics in the Work of Moroccan Tourist Sector Henna Artisans, in «Research in Economic Anthropology», pp. 99-123.
STAITI, NICO
2012 Kajda. Musica e riti femminili tra i rom del Kosovo, Roma, Squilibri.
“Ascoltate miei cari signori”. Le musiche di tradizione orale in Italia, Udine, Nota.
THARAUD, J. – THARAUD J.
1932 Le Maroc, Parigi, Flammarion.
TOSCHI, PAOLO
1976 Le origini del teatro italiano. Origini rituali della rappresentazione popolare in Italia, Torino, Boringhieri.
TRIKI, HAMID
2011 Si La Place Jamaâ El Fna M’était Contée, in Skounti A., Tebbaa O. (a cura di), De L’immatérialité Du Patrimoine Culturel, Bureau régional de l‘UNESCO à Rabat, Culture, patrimoine et tourisme de la Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences humaines, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Imprimerie Walili, pp. 158-61.
UNESCO, COMMISSIONE NAZIONALE MAROCCHINA
1997 Les arts populaires de Marrakech: oralitè et musique à Jamaa’ el-Fna, Consultation internationale sur la préservation des espaces culturels populaires. Declaration du Patrimoine Oral de l’Humanité, Marrakech, 26-28 giugno.
WARNOCK FERNEA, ELISABETH
1980 A Street in Marrakech: A Personal Encounter with the Lives of Moroccan Women, Garden City, Anchor Books.
WHARTON, EDITH
1920 In Morocco, New York, C. Scribner’s sons
WEBBER, SABRA J.
1991 Romancing the Real: Folklore and Ethnographic Representation in North Africa, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
WICKETT, ELIZABETH
2012 Seers, Saints and Sinners: The Oral Tradition of Upper Egypt, London, I.B. Tauris.
Downloads
Pubblicato
Come citare
Fascicolo
Sezione
Licenza
Copyright (c) 2023 Silvia Bruni
2
Questo articolo è soggetto a licenza Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
